1) I have been challenged by psychedelics in many ways. It can be anything from "you love your mom and she loves you, pick up the phone and call her tomorrow" to "is this world real?".

2) With the straight forward stuff I simply take action (call my mom, work out more, spend more time with kids, etc). There is some middle ground stuff where I need to admit to myself that I've been wrong about something and that sometimes that is not easy for me to do, but it has gotten easier with time. For the  more complex core shattering items such as questioning the nature of reality or the origin of intelligence, I pause use of psychedelics and reflect and try to remain calm and not freak out about the question posed. I read about the subject and other's experiences and how they coped. I take free online philosophy courses and read books. I struggled with the nature of reality quite a bit, and after a lot of reading and introspection I came to a satisfying state where I said to myself "You don't know, but does it matter? Who are you to understand such a thing? Simply enjoy the beauty of where you are now".

So my answer boils down to "many things" and "many ways". At the end of the day it has been an ongoing beautiful journey that I think has made me moar aware and a better person.