The above is a reading list so you can have a framework for how to understand Western spirituality/mysticism.
In terms of what to actually
do on psychedelics, while tripping - my recommendation is meditation. It is my personal practice. To do it successfully while tripping requires considerable effort. But, going through the reading list I just posted also requires considerable effort, and when talking about encounters with the ultimate, one should not expect that any less be demanded.
To meditate successfully on psychedelics, learn how to meditate sober.... for at least two hours at a time. Start 30 minutes a day (sober), until you feel comfortable going longer, then do it for an hour a day... an hour and a half... until you can do it two hours at a time. When you can sit two hours every day without too much mental discomfort, you're ready to meditate on psychedelics. It's like learning guitar. If you just keep on mashing your brain at it, the neural connections for long term single pointed focus form, just like your fingers learn to play chords if you mash your fingers a certain way on a guitar fret over and over and over. Just one day it clicks. It's a lot of painful monotony until that day, but like playing guitar - it's worth it.
With a sufficient level of unwavering focus over a sufficient period of time, the psychedelic experience transforms, and goes beyond "visuals" and into
visions. It is much deeper. Indigenous traditions that use psychedelics don't do breath meditation as far as I know, but they do do other things like drumming, dancing, singing, chanting - usually in relatively simple, repetetive ways, for really extended periods of time. The principle behind all of
these techniques for mystical induction are basically the same. Sustained, focused repetition, for multiple hours.
You don't have to sit cross legged if it hurts your knees, you can sit kneeling on a meditation cushion with your legs under the cushion on a bed or something so your shins/knees don't hurt on the floor, lol. The meditation cushion is under your butt, and on top of your calves. You are sitting kneeling on the backs of your legs/heels this way. I find the cross legged thing for periods of time this long hurts the knees something fierce.
I prefer eyes closed (as is done in the oldest school of Buddhism, Theravada). Some do eyes open. In Zen Buddhism and Tibetan Buddhism, eyes are generally open. Whichever lets you focus more, pick that one.
Here are the foundation instructions for how to meditate in Buddhist tradition. This is the oldest meditation sutta in Buddhism.
www.accesstoinsight.org
In order of how easy it is to sit and meditate on them, with the easiest first and the least easy last:
Ayahuasca/Ayahuasca analogues
Psilocybin Mushrooms
Mescaline Cactus
LSD
The nausea from ayahuasca and cactus might be a barrier.
Finally: look up "dieta". Basically you want bland food. Sugary, salty, spicy, greasy - no. Eat bland healthy food. Avoiding sex is encouraged for males, but some shamans say it is not so important for females. A standard dieta lasts three days before and after a psychedelic experience. I mentioned the prohibition on sex to a neuroscience major once, they speculated it may be because of the loss of testosterone. Shamans just say spirits don't like the smell of sex the same way they don't like the smell of non-bland food. Shamans also say to avoid pork.
Good luck, and if you want results - be disciplined.