I felt the urge to write a few things down.
I hope they'll be useful to you guys.
a list of general chemical techniques
1. Non-pyrex glassware
If you add hot water to glass, it will crack. Always heat your glassware first, or, with some care, add a few drops allowing the liquid to heat the glass. swirl, add some more.
2. Heating solvents
Solvents should only be heated in a water bath and never over open flame. However, the case of small recrystalisations, the volume of solvent used is low and this may be permissible. Never evaporate solvents in an attempt to collect the product this way.
3. Pressure, Heat, Volume
When dealing with pressurised containers, you must make sure that vessel is suitable. If you are rigging a pressure cooker for steam distillation, be sure it is suitable and the gasket is intact.
4. A general technique
Useful techniques are to collect all simmelar residues and washings in a single vessel, which may be recollected and purified later.
Chemistry can sometimes be messy, So try to give thought to the area you will be working in. Solvent spills will evaporate yes, but some liquids stain. Some compounds are irritant, and these are not something you want spread around in your general environment.
5. Speed evaporation
It is permissible when evaporating organic solvents, to use an electric fan heater. Generally this technique is fairly safe, assuming that you add a second ventilation fan, and make sure that the area is well ventilated. Evaporation of 100 - 150ml naptha can be achieved in 2 hours or less this way.
6. Anti-bumping granules
Should be used to facilitate steady boiling
7. Practice by doing
The following techniques should be practiced, not researched. You will learn more by doing. Try to rely only on your judgement and your knowledge and you will find that you return to the reference material less frequently or to discover something new.
a. Recrystallization
b. Freeze-Precipitation
Both of these techniques depend on an excess of product being dissolved in hot solvent. If crystalline, heat the product first and then add the smallest volume of solvent possible.
If anyone else has more to add to this, go right ahead
I hope they'll be useful to you guys.
a list of general chemical techniques
1. Non-pyrex glassware
If you add hot water to glass, it will crack. Always heat your glassware first, or, with some care, add a few drops allowing the liquid to heat the glass. swirl, add some more.
2. Heating solvents
Solvents should only be heated in a water bath and never over open flame. However, the case of small recrystalisations, the volume of solvent used is low and this may be permissible. Never evaporate solvents in an attempt to collect the product this way.
3. Pressure, Heat, Volume
When dealing with pressurised containers, you must make sure that vessel is suitable. If you are rigging a pressure cooker for steam distillation, be sure it is suitable and the gasket is intact.
4. A general technique
Useful techniques are to collect all simmelar residues and washings in a single vessel, which may be recollected and purified later.
Chemistry can sometimes be messy, So try to give thought to the area you will be working in. Solvent spills will evaporate yes, but some liquids stain. Some compounds are irritant, and these are not something you want spread around in your general environment.
5. Speed evaporation
It is permissible when evaporating organic solvents, to use an electric fan heater. Generally this technique is fairly safe, assuming that you add a second ventilation fan, and make sure that the area is well ventilated. Evaporation of 100 - 150ml naptha can be achieved in 2 hours or less this way.
6. Anti-bumping granules
Should be used to facilitate steady boiling
7. Practice by doing
The following techniques should be practiced, not researched. You will learn more by doing. Try to rely only on your judgement and your knowledge and you will find that you return to the reference material less frequently or to discover something new.
a. Recrystallization
b. Freeze-Precipitation
Both of these techniques depend on an excess of product being dissolved in hot solvent. If crystalline, heat the product first and then add the smallest volume of solvent possible.
If anyone else has more to add to this, go right ahead
