This study investigates the cognitive effects of long-term ayahuasca use among members of the Santo Daime church in Brazil, focusing on experienced users (over 20 years of use) and comparing them to beginner users (less than 3 years of use) and a control group of non-users. Participants underwent various cognitive assessments, including tests for intelligence, working memory, visual perception, and executive functions. The goal was to determine whether prolonged ritualistic use of ayahuasca has any negative or positive impact on cognitive function.
There were 3 groups: 20-year SD members, 3-year members and controls.
It may be that, for example, people with a history of alcoholism, trauma or some other adversity, are more attracted to SD, creating a selection bias. Those who joined SD may have had statistically significant cognitive impairment to begin with, before their first ayahuasca cup.
By comparing the 20 year group to the 3 year group, that confounding factor can be largely eliminated.
The 20 year group performed better than the 3 year one, which may indicate ayahuasca use benefits cognitive function.
The 20 year group performed the same as the control group, which may indicate ayahuasca repaired a pre-existing cognitive impairment.
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