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Cannabis Alchemy

Migrated topic.
bufoman said:
O gotcha. Yea methanol would be good, also one can obtain 99% IPA at many stores easily.
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ooo yea i had no idea i could use IPA in place of the ethanol/methanol

that may be preferred...

it would still be the same i suppose sulfuric acid?
any idea what temp IPA boils/vaporizes at id probably reflux just under boiling
at least thats what i supposed was the best
 
IPA should be fine and def easier to obtain in high purity. Sulfuric acid would be fine to use with IPA. A light reflux should be fine.
What are you planning for a work up to isolate the product?
Also I suggest you make sure that your sample has high CBN concentrations before going through all the trouble. A butane extract from trim can be very potent and high THC low CBD it all depends...
 
bufoman said:
IPA should be fine and def easier to obtain in high purity. Sulfuric acid would be fine to use with IPA. A light reflux should be fine.
What are you planning for a work up to isolate the product?
Also I suggest you make sure that your sample has high CBN concentrations before going through all the trouble. A butane extract from trim can be very potent and high THC low CBN it all depends...
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yea i will be doing a butane extract on trim/bud the usual route..

how would one go about figuring out the CBN content?

i suppose after the reflux i would pull it with naphtha right? and evap the naphtha...
 
BTW SWIM meant to say (CBD not CBN)
Does SWIM have access to TLC?
That book covers a few methods but most require a known reference sample to compare (color tests). Which is obviously difficult.
TLC could fairly easily tell you just do some research online I know that they used to sell kits for this purpose (they were expensive but you could at least look into it and there results.) Another way is to test it out. If it is a potent oil then there is likely no need to isomerize. Also SWIM could at first try and isomerize 1/2 or 1/4 or whatever) amount of the sample, and then compare it to the control un-isomerized parent extract. This would certainly be the easiest. In all honesty so long as one is using good genetics and does not harvest premature there is unlikely to be a significantly high CBD content. But hey check it out it will certainly be a good experience.

SWIM recommends the following work up:

Remove sample from reflux
Evaporate IPA with mild heat fan.... to a small volume
Add H2O (amount dependent on volume (50 -200ml) (want to significantly dilute the IPA to prevent emulsion)
Extract with naptha (2 x should be sufficient)
Evaporate off naptha
 
SWIM has found that hexane does a wonderful job with THC extractions and produces a clear honey that is just delicious. Isomerization sounds interesting for the novelty, but I don't know about practicality.
 
psychonaut said:
SWIM has found that hexane does a wonderful job with THC extractions and produces a clear honey that is just delicious. Isomerization sounds interesting for the novelty, but I don't know about practicality.
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butane works very very well

and with a honey bee extractor its a breeze... if you like hashoil one of these is a very nice investment youll thank yourself


as for the isomerzation i love hash oil and im weak for overly technical processes
just sounds like an awesome project i knew i just had to try it
whenever i get around to it ill update with pictures an descriptions
 
Quote:

The collective name given to the terpenes found in Cannabis is cannabinoids. Most of the naturally occurring cannabinoids have now been identified, and three are the most abundant—cannabidiol (CBD), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and cannabinol (CBN). The steps from CBD to THC to CBN represent the biosynthetic pathway in the plant. THC is an optically active resinous material that is very lipid-soluble but water-insoluble; these physical properties make pharmacological investigations difficult, since various non-polar solvents must be used. Although many other materials have been found in this plant, the cannabinoids are unique to it and THC is the only one with appreciable mental affects. THC is believed to be largely, if not solely, responsible for the effects desired by those who use Cannabis socially. Virtually all the effects pro-Biosynthetic Pathway of Cannabinoids induced by smoking or eating some of the whole plant can be attained by using THC alone.
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This contains misinformation. CBG-acid (cannabigerolic acid) is the biosynthetic precursor to THC-acid CBC acid and CBD acid. CBN is a break down product of THC. THey are not terpeneds but terpenophenolics. THC-acid and other cannabinoid acids convert when heated to neutral form which is what gets you high.

Anyway extracting cannabinoids is simple. Just extract with non polar solvent like hexane heptane or naptha. There is no need to do anythign else. Just stir it bash it up etc and evaporate. Bam lots of hash oil rich in cannabinoids. You don't need butane and high pressure schemes. Although butane works fine too.

Purifying cannabinoids is work for chromatographers.


I should also add that delta 9 THC (i use that numbering system) when mixed with acids under the right conditions forms delta 8 THC. All binding studies and pharmacological studies on this compound show it is less active then delta 9 THC. Its more stable however.

I also want to stress that CBD is not psychoactive. It has an effect but its more on the body but not in a stoned way. CBD will one day be a pharmaceutical drug. Its already in pharmaceutical formulations based on cannabis.
 
Thanks for clearing this up . I corrected the Original Post .

burnt said:
I also want to stress that CBD is not psychoactive. It has an effect but its more on the body but not in a stoned way. CBD will one day be a pharmaceutical drug. Its already in pharmaceutical formulations based on cannabis.
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Anxiolytic and Antipsychotic is somehow psychoactive , in my terms .

Quotes from a paper a linked to in the CBD Thread : http://www.scielo.br/pdf/bjmbr/v39n4/6164.pdf

CBD (1 mg/kg) co-administered with Δ9-
THC (0.5 mg/kg) significantly reduced the
anxiety and the psychotomimetic symptoms
induced by the latter drug in healthy volunteers
(6). Since the dose of CBD used in that
study did not change Δ9-THC levels in blood
(15), it was suggested that CBD blocked the
effects of Δ9-THC by some intrinsic pharmacological
properties. Actually, when administered
alone CBD produced its own effects,
including hypnotic (16), anticonvulsive (17),
neuroprotective (18), and hormonal (increased
corticosterone and cortisol levels)
effects (19,20). These effects led to the hypothesis
that CBD could have anxiolytic
and/or antipsychotic effects.
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Anxiolytic effect of cannabidiol
The anxiolytic properties of CBD has
been demonstrated by several pre-clinical
studies that employed different paradigms
such as the conditioned emotional response
(21), the Vogel conflict test (22) and the
elevated plus-maze (23,24). In the later study
(24), the effective doses of CBD ranged
from 2.5 to 10 mg/kg, and the drug produced
an inverted U-shaped dose-response curve,
the higher doses being no longer effective in
rats. This could explain the negative results
obtained with high doses of CBD (above
100 mg/kg) in a previous study employing
the Geller-Seifter conflict test (25).
To evaluate a possible anxiolytic effect
of CBD in humans, a double-blind study was
conducted on healthy volunteers submitted
to a simulation of the public speaking test.
CBD (300 mg, po) was compared to ipsapirone
(5 mg), diazepam (10 mg) or placebo.
The results showed that both CBD and the
two other anxiolytic compounds attenuated
the anxiety induced by the test (26). The
anxiolytic-like effect of CBD in healthy volunteers
was also observed in a more recent
double-blind study that investigated its effects
on regional cerebral blood flow by
single-photon emission computed tomography.
Because the procedure, by itself, can be
interpreted as an anxiogenic situation, it permits
the evaluation of anxiolytic drugs. CBD
induced a clear anxiolytic effect and a pattern
of cerebral activity compatible with an
anxiolytic activity (27). Therefore, similar
to the data obtained in animal models, results
from studies on healthy volunteers have
strongly suggested an anxiolytic-like effect
of CBD.
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Another important model used to evaluate
antipsychotic-like activity in healthy volunteers
is the administration of sub-anesthetic
doses of ketamine. This glutamatebased
model induces a psychotic reaction
that mimics both positive and negative symptoms
of schizophrenia (45). A double-blind
crossover procedure was performed to study
the effect of CBD in this model (46). Nine
healthy volunteers were assigned randomly
to the placebo or CBD (600 mg) groups in
two experimental sessions separated by a 1-
week interval. After being submitted to psychiatric
assessment scales, the volunteers
received placebo orally or the drug and rested
for 65 min. An infusion pump was then
installed and an intravenous bolus of S-ketamine
(0.26 mg/kg) was administered during
1 min followed by a maintenance dose of
0.25 mg/kg for 30 min. A Clinician-Administered
Dissociative States Scale (CADSS)
was applied at the beginning of the sessions
and 90 min after the bolus injection. The
volunteers were asked to respond the scale
according to the period during which they
felt most symptomatic. CBD attenuated the
effects of ketamine on the total score of the
CADSS and also on each of its factors separately.
This effect was significant for the
depersonalization factor, further reinforcing
the antipsychotic-like properties of CBD
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In conclusion, results from pre-clinical
and clinical studies suggest that CBD is an
effective, safe and well-tolerated alternative
treatment for schizophrenic patients. Future
trials of this cannabinoid in other psychotic
conditions such as bipolar disorder (50) and
comparative studies of its antipsychotic effects
with those produced by clozapine in
schizophrenic patients are clearly needed
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Didn't want to start a new thread for this question :



Do you think Cannabinoids will fall out of solution when a concentrated acetone tincture is added dropwise to very cold water ?
 
Observant said:
First - download this Ebook Cannabis Alchemy-The Art of Modern Hashmaking


I just found this Source on Erowid and its getting me quite a bit excited , the process sounds not too hard , given to the fact that Butane extraction provides a high purity Hash Oil (Honey-Oil) very easiely.



Take a look:
burnt said:
Quote:

The collective name given to the terpenes found in Cannabis is cannabinoids. Most of the naturally occurring cannabinoids have now been identified, and three are the most abundant—cannabidiol (CBD), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and cannabinol (CBN). The steps from CBD to THC to CBN represent the biosynthetic pathway in the plant. THC is an optically active resinous material that is very lipid-soluble but water-insoluble; these physical properties make pharmacological investigations difficult, since various non-polar solvents must be used. Although many other materials have been found in this plant, the cannabinoids are unique to it and THC is the only one with appreciable mental affects. THC is believed to be largely, if not solely, responsible for the effects desired by those who use Cannabis socially. Virtually all the effects pro-Biosynthetic Pathway of Cannabinoids induced by smoking or eating some of the whole plant can be attained by using THC alone.
Click to expand...

This contains misinformation. CBG-acid (cannabigerolic acid) is the biosynthetic precursor to THC-acid CBC acid and CBD acid. CBN is a break down product of THC. THey are not terpeneds but terpenophenolics. THC-acid and other cannabinoid acids convert when heated to neutral form which is what gets you high.
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>OK, now that I have my copy of "Dr. Atomic's Marijuana Multiplier" in
>front of me, I see that he used Sulfuric acid, not HCl. Isomerization
>coverts cannabidiol and weak THCs to yer favorite #9. Anywhere from
>double to 5 times original potency.

per Cannabis Alchemy,

Cannabidiol
|
| Heat and
| H+ (from the acid)
|
\ /

Delta-9 THC (using formal numbering)
Delta-1 THC (using monoterpenoid numbering)
|
| Heat and
| H+ (from a stronger acid acting longer)
|
\ /

Delta-6 THC (aka Delta-8 THC -- depends on the numbering system used)


This Delta-6 THC is a higher-rotating form of tetrahydrocannabinol.
D. Gold (author of Cannabis Alchemy) suggests that the higher-rotating
forms "are more potent than the low-rotating and produce a higher,
more psychedelic and spritual effect." He notes a study done by
Mechoulan (1970) which showed little difference between the
pharmacological effects of Delta-9 and Delta-6. I'll leave it to
the reader to experiment for him/herself.

The "rotating" spoken of here refers to the relative positions of
the double bonding in the THC molecule. [chemists out there feel
free to chime in...]

The first reaction, Cannabidiol --> Delta-9 THC, is, I think, what
is generally referred to as isomerization. This can occur in an
absolute ethanol solution with .05% HCL boiled for 2 hours (the
"hash" oil is in solution in the ethanol, obviously). The
increase in potency you'll get depends on the relative amounts of
Cannabidiol and THC in the original oil. If there were 1 part
THC and 1 part Cannabidiol, then you might expect a doubling of
potency after isomerization.

The second reaction, Delta-1/9 --> Delta-6/8, is an additional step to
get the allegedly more potent higher-rotating form of THC. It requires
more vigorous conditions. D. Gold notes that in a toluene solution
with p-toluenesulfonic acid for 10 hours at 100 degrees C there is a
90% conversion rate of Delta-1 to Delta-6 (the THC/hash oil is in
solution in the toluene).

Gold also gives a discussion about producing THC acetate, which he
says has *twice* the potency of regular THC. It's very involved,
and potentially hazardous...
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Erowid Cannabis Vault : Chemistry Notes #2

Notes on the Chemistry of Cannabis
www.erowid.org
More Information found (Psychedelic Chemistry)
Shulgin on the Subject: THC Chemistry by Alexander Shulgin - January 21, 1995

It sounds worth trying , doesn't it ?
Click to expand...

Link doesn´t work.

Any other source?
 
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