Antidepressant effects of creatine and ketamine, but not fluoxetine, abolished by caffeine, suggesting A1 and/or A2A adenosine receptor involvement

[Pumpy]

Caffeine blocks activation of the a1 and a2a adenosine receptors, which I think is fairly well known. I didn't know that a1 and a2a are responsible for the antidepressant effects of at least two compounds (in the title). And that adenosine receptors play a large role in mood and anxiety. Apart from its central role in cellular metabolism, adenosine also acts as a neuromodulator even in the absence of metabolic imbalance (Cunha, 2001). Outside the cell, adenosine can manage and coordinate the activities of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, GABA, and glutamate (Ciruela et al., 2011, Ferré et al., 2023, Köfalvi et al., 2020).
Another 'you should quit daily coffee' post but with an adenosine rabbit hole included