Cannabinoid & Cannabis Studies, Documentaries & the like

[Cosmic Spore]

Metabolism

 

[Cosmic Spore]

Pain

 

[Cosmic Spore]

Seizures & Epilepsy

9-Year-Old Girl's Death Shines A Tragic Light On Medical Marijuana Debate

 

[Cosmic Spore]

Skin

 

[D.REYx420]

That video with bob melemade was just awesome, thank you for this treasure trove of info.

 

[universecannon]

wow! we should sticky this!

 

[Cosmic Spore]

Summary: what we know, experimental limits currently, research needed

Cannabis, Cannabinoids and Cancer – The Evidence So Far
Is Cannabis A Cure For Cancer?
Medical Marijuana - What’s It Good For?
[THC] Cuts Lung Cancer Tumor Growth In Half, Study Shows
Russ Belville vs. David Malmo-Levine on the "5 Pot Myths That Must Be Busted"
5 Pro-Pot Myths That Must Be Busted
The Devil in the Details: Why Russ Belville is Slightly Wrong About His "5 Pot Myths That Must Be Busted"

What we know

* Although cannabis in plant form contains some level of carcinogenic substances, it displays antioxidant activity, and the cannabinoids THC and CBD have demonstrated antitumor/apoptotic/anticancer effects in multiple cancer cell types using petri dishes and in mice; those anticancer effects are not limited to apoptosis, and include (but aren't limited to): Anti-metastatic effects and inhibition of angiogenesis.

(apoptosis: disintegration of cells into membrane-bound particles that are then eliminated by phagocytosis or by shedding; AKA "programmed cell death" AKA "cell suicide")

* (Harm Reduction Journal: Melamede, 2005 Cannabis and tobacco smoke are not equally carcinogenic) Furthermore, compounds found in cannabis have been shown to kill numerous cancer types including: lung cancer, breast and prostate, leukemia and lymphoma, glioma, skin cancer, and pheochromocytoma. The effects of cannabinoids are complex and sometimes contradicting, often exhibiting biphasic responses. For example, in contrast to the tumor killing properties mentioned above, low doses of THC may stimulate the growth of lung cancer cells in vitro.

* Cannabinoids promote tumor regression in rodents and inhibit pro-angiogenic factors. In fact, clinical trials to treat human glioma with THC have resulted in decreased levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF).
(Harm Reduction Journal: Melamede, 2005 Cannabis and tobacco smoke are not equally carcinogenic).

* CBD has been proven useful in the treatment of human seizures, epilepsy, convulsions, and also destroys tumor cells; CBD has neuroprotective properties & can inhibit certain types of inflammation.

* CBC & CBG and their synthetic analogues demonstrate antibacterial & antimicrobial activity.

* Cannabinoids markedly decrease signaling in specific neural pathways that transmit messages about pain.

* THC/CBD ratios can play a role in the subjective effects of cannabis.

* The endogenous cannabinoid system plays a role in numerous varying cell functions.

* During brain development & maturation, high doses of cannabis/cannabinoids may be harmful later in life to mental health.

* Some synthetic cannabinoids aren't as safe as phytocannabinoids, and some synthetic cannabinoids can cause seizures.


Limits of experiments done

* Techniques used in experimentation include (but aren't limited to): using a catheter to inject cannabinoids to the location of the tumor cells directly

* Human cancer patients have not been treated with cannabinoids alone in huge concentrations of varying cannabinoids using double-blind methodology.


Areas that need further research

* Those anticancer effects need phase 3 clinical trials.

* Effects of tolerance (or lack of tolerance) on performing skills and critical thinking under the influence.

* Experiments testing for how non-CBD cannabinoids modulate the experience and/or beneficial effects; the same for the terpenes.

* Various cannabinoid beneficial effects with various dosages, treatment schedules, and methods of administration.

* Is there any level+duration of cannabinoids that will cause people to defecate their tumors (if so, which type cancer cells)?

* Rick Simpson's statements and directions need to be independently verified [see pdf attachment].

 

[Cosmic Spore]

Schizophrenia, Psychosis, Adolescence, Adverse Effects, Mental Health, Dependence.

Harvard: Marijuana Doesn’t Cause Schizophrenia.

A controlled family study of cannabis users with and without psychosis.

New study casts doubt on “cannabis-induced psychosis” claims, pot doesn’t cause schizophrenia.

This article was released today:

Harvard: Marijuana Doesn’t Cause Schizophrenia

I ran across this:
New study casts doubt on “cannabis-induced psychosis” claims, pot doesn’t cause schizophrenia By "Radical" Russ Belville on November 10, 2008 and I was compelled to post this along side the article dreamer042 posted.

"Even as we’ve complained that no data show that cannabis use causes schizophrenia, we’ve been told that for those who are genetically predisposed to schizophrenia, there seems to be a correlation between cannabis use and onset of psychotic symptoms. So while it may not be psychologically dangerous for most of us, there is that 1% minority that would be harmed, so we have to ban it for everyone.

But this report counteracts even that claim. In the conclusion of the report, the study authors note, 'The degree of hereditary predisposition in individuals who receive treatment of cannabis-induced psychosis closely mirrors that in those who develop schizophrenia with no history of cannabis induced psychosis.' This seems to tell us that when you take a look at a group of schizophrenics, whether they smoked pot of not, they still had the same genetic chances of becoming schizophrenics – the pot use didn’t matter!

Schizophrenia is rare and it comes on slowly for some. This 'cannabis-induced psychosis' is really just people in the beginning stages of schizophrenia who happen to smoke pot, and the pot is getting blamed."

- A quote from Dr. Sanjay Gupta: "In my quick running of the numbers, I calculated about 6% of the current U.S. marijuana studies investigate the benefits of medical marijuana. The rest are designed to investigate harm. That imbalance paints a highly distorted picture." ... see post #4 for entire opinion & source.

New Info: A controlled family study of cannabis users with and without psychosis

 

[dreamer042]

Pertwee, R., Howlett, A., Abood, M., Alexander, S., Di Marzo, V., Elphick, M., & ... Ross, R. (2010). International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. LXXIX. Cannabinoid receptors and their ligands: beyond CB₁ and CB₂. Pharmacological Reviews, 62(4), 588-631. doi:10.1124/pr.110.003004

Di Marzo, V., & De Petrocellis, L. (2012). Why do cannabinoid receptors have more than one endogenous ligand?. Philosophical Transactions Of The Royal Society Of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 367(1607), 3216-3228. doi:10.1098/rstb.2011.0382

Also Stickied

 

[dreamer042]

Marini, P., Cascio, M., King, A., Pertwee, R., & Ross, R. (2013). Characterization of cannabinoid receptor ligands in tissues natively expressing cannabinoid CB2 receptors. British Journal Of Pharmacology, 169(4), 887-899. doi:10.1111/bph.12191

 

[dreamer042]

Koller VJ, Zlabinger GJ, Auwärter V, Fuchs S, Knasmueller S. Toxicological
profiles of selected synthetic cannabinoids showing high binding affinities to
the cannabinoid receptor subtype CB₁. Arch Toxicol. 2013 Jul;87(7):1287-97. doi:
10.1007/s00204-013-1029-1. Epub 2013 Mar 15. Erratum in: Arch Toxicol. 2013
Jul;87(7):1299. PubMed PMID: 23494106.

 

[Cosmic Spore]

Patents, Patent Applications, and Grants

U.S. Patent 6630507
Cannabinoids as Antioxidants and Neuroprotectants <-- (another link to it).

U.S. Patent Application 20130296398:
USE OF THE PHYTOCANNABINOID CANNABIDIOL (CBD) IN COMBINATION WITH A STANDARD ANTI-EPILEPTIC DRUG (SAED) IN THE TREATMENT OF EPILEPSY

US 4837228 A ... Publication type: Grant ... a continuation-in-part of Application Ser. No. 136,554. The University Of Mississippi.
Antiinflammatory and Antimicrobial Compounds and Compositions

US7741365 B2 ... Publication type: Grant.
Peripheral Cannabinoid Receptor (CB2) Ligands

US 20130059018 A1 ... Publication type: Application.
Phytocannabinoids in the Tretment of Cancer

WO 2006063109 A2 ... Publication type: Application
Room-temperature Stable Drobinol Formulations

... Also Stickied

Thank you dreamer042, and thanks very much for the papers First Sticky within the Science Section. :d

 

[dreamer042]

Pisanti, S., Picardi, P., D’Alessandro, A., Laezza, C., & Bifulco, M. (2013). The endocannabinoid signaling system in cancer. Trends In Pharmacological Sciences, 34(5), 273-282. doi:10.1016/j.tips.2013.03.003

Klein Nulent, T., Van Diest, P., van der Groep, P., Leusink, F., Kruitwagen, C., Koole, R., & Van Cann, E. (2013). Cannabinoid receptor-2 immunoreactivity is associated with survival in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. The British Journal Of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, 51(7), 604-609. doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2013.03.015

Salazar, M., Lorente, M., García-Taboada, E., Hernández-Tiedra, S., Davila, D., Francis, S. E., & ... Velasco, G. (2013). The pseudokinase tribbles homologue-3 plays a crucial role in cannabinoid anticancer action. BBA - Molecular & Cell Biology Of Lipids, 1831(10), 1573-1578. doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.03.014

 

[Cosmic Spore]

Visual Aids

 

[Cosmic Spore]

Press Releases, News Articles & Similar.

Turned-off Cannabinoid Receptor Turns on Colorectal Tumor Growth

Families Migrating to Colorado for a Medical Marijuana Miracle

Japanese Study Shows Cannabinoids Inhibit Tumor Growth: Research Suggests Chemopreventive Benefits Of Cannabis

Notes from the Field: Severe Illness Associated with Synthetic Cannabinoid Use — Brunswick, Georgia, 2013 (CDC)

Marijuana May Stall Brain Tumor Growth: Active Ingredient in Marijuana Inhibits Cancer Growth in Early Study (WebMD)

Pot businesses pick up retail marijuana licenses in Denver for Jan. 1 debut

Marc Emery Plans Anti-Conservative Tour After Prison Release

 

[dreamer042]

McKallip, R., Jia, W., Schlomer, J., Warren, J., Nagarkatti, P., & Nagarkatti, M. (2006). Cannabidiol-induced apoptosis in human leukemia cells: A novel role of cannabidiol in the regulation of p22phox and Nox4 expression. Molecular Pharmacology, 70(3), 897-908.

Luca, T., Di Benedetto, G., Scuderi, M., Palumbo, M., Clementi, S., Bernardini, R., & Cantarella, G. (2009). The CB1/CB2 receptor agonist WIN-55,212-2 reduces viability of human Kaposi's sarcoma cells in vitro. European Journal Of Pharmacology, 616(1-3), 16-21. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.06.004

Glass, M., Faull, R., & Dragunow, M. (1993). Loss of cannabinoid receptors in the substantia nigra in Huntington's disease. Neuroscience, 56(3), 523-527.

 

[Cosmic Spore]

Greenhouse, Growroom, Gasses, and the like.

The 1st article here deals with plants in general (doesn't mention Cannabis), but mentions tomato is especially sensitive to ethylene.

 

[bindu]

the cannabinoid related to significant therapeutic effects in most studies is Cannabidiol (CBD).


Saying marihuana is great in every aspect is very ignorant, there are many dangers associated to it.
Especially that most cannabis strains nowadays are very high in THC and very low in CBD.

No deaths are related to cannabis but there is something very symptomatic with most regular smokers. They have all kinds of goals and ideals while in fact, they are doing very little effort in the direction to improve themselves and their life.
Which is shit to be honest, even if you are sick and it helps your pain.

Not to mention even more serious psychosis which occurs in 5% of skunk users.


So please stop with the marihuana is great in every regard bullshit, it is quite more complex than that.


The only growers in the world that have very high CBD strains with very little THC are located in a few US states, a medical marihuana grower in Israel and a pharmaceutical company in the UK (they make an oil and sell it for 500€ a bottle).

You do not get high, confused or stupid from that stuff and it has all the healing effects.


So far it is very hard, almost impossible, to acquire high CBD strains with almost no THC.

 

[Parshvik Chintan]

Saying marihuana is great in every aspect is very ignorant, there are many dangers associated to it.
Especially that most cannabis strains nowadays are very high in THC and very low in CBD.

and what, pray tell, are the dangers of thc?

 

[dreamer042]

the cannabinoid related to significant therapeutic effects in most studies is Cannabidiol (CBD).


Saying marihuana is great in every aspect is very ignorant, there are many dangers associated to it.
Especially that most cannabis strains nowadays are very high in THC and very low in CBD.

No deaths are related to cannabis but there is something very symptomatic with most regular smokers. They have all kinds of goals and ideals while in fact, they are doing very little effort in the direction to improve themselves and their life.
Which is shit to be honest, even if you are sick and it helps your pain.

Not to mention even more serious psychosis which occurs in 5% of skunk users.


So please stop with the marihuana is great in every regard bullshit, it is quite more complex than that.


The only growers in the world that have very high CBD strains with very little THC are located in a few US states, a medical marihuana grower in Israel and a pharmaceutical company in the UK (they make an oil and sell it for 500€ a bottle).

You do not get high, confused or stupid from that stuff and it has all the healing effects.


So far it is very hard, almost impossible, to acquire high CBD strains with almost no THC.

Perhaps you missed the 2 pages full of scientific studies covering all aspects of cannabis before you posted below them in this thread. You may want to actually read the material before you spout off your ill informed opinion.

There are plenty of lazy people making little effort to accomplish goals that do not smoke cannabis that is hardly an argument. Please tell your argument that cannabis decreases motivation to these people.

2013 Top 50 Most Influential Marijuana Users
Here Are 50 Marijuana Users Who Are Unbelievably Successful
THE 10 MOST SUCCESSFUL POTHEADS ON THE PLANET

Please provide data that "skunk" (A catch all term for any high grade sinsemilla used by alarmist European media outlets that don't understand "it is quite more complex than that." ) causes psychosis in 5% of it's users. In which case 5% of all medical marijuana users in the United States would be psychotic, which clearly is not the case. The fact is, if you already have underlying predisposition to psychosis, cannabis may be a trigger to causing symptoms to develop, as is alcohol, or any kind of psychoactive substance or thousands of other types of stressors encountered in daily life.

Here is a bunch of peer reviewed research that supports that claim.
Prospective cohort study of cannabis use, predisposition for psychosis, and psychotic symptoms in young people.
Fewer neurological soft signs among first episode psychosis patients with heavy cannabis use.
Temporal relationship of first-episode non-affective psychosis with cannabis use: a clinical verification of an epidemiological hypothesis.
Neurodevelopmental markers in different psychopathological dimensions of first episode psychosis: the ESPIGAS study.

I never saw anyone say "marijuana is great in every regard" in this thread. You my friend are projecting your own misinformed attitudes and understandings here. What I do see is hundreds of peer reviewed studies that are hardly "bullshit". Surely there are dangers associated with marijuana as there are with anything else, if however you want to argue about those dangers with any kind of seriousness you are going to have to provide a pile of peer reviewed research that refutes the pile of peer reviewed research in this thread.

As a matter of fact high cbd strains, and high cbd low thc strains are available to everyone the world over from dozens of different breeders, they are a quick google search away so I don't know where you come up with the argument that "it is almost impossible" to find these strains.

You should really do some more research and check your attitude. This level of hostility is not necessary, perhaps you need to go smoke a high CBD joint of skunk and do some reading.