ॐ
Psilosopher
Hey all,
This question came up after I started reading more about 5-ht2b agonism and its link to valvular heart disease. I re-opened an old topic on the matter here in hopes of getting some clarity on the risks of frequent (biweekly) use.
I tried to do some research of my own, but couldn't really find much information on the receptor targeting and efficiency of different compounds.
The receptors being targeted is usually not too hard to find for most common psychedelics (eg. LSD, psilocybin, etc.), but what I'm really interested in is how strong the agonism is at each receptor for a variety of psychedelics. This is data that seems hard to find, and I'm not too well versed in searching medical/scientific papers.
It would be interesting to see how bad the 5-ht2b agonism is for a variety of psychs, to better assess the risks and see which ones are particularly heavy on the heart and should perhaps not be used as often as others.
It'd also be hugely interesting to compare the profiles of different drugs, read up on the mechanisms of action for each receptor and comparing that to the experiential differences between various substances to maybe gain a bit more knowledge about the pharmacology of the psychedelic experience (though I understand 5-HT2A affinity seems to be the most important, and the exact mechanisms of it triggering psychedelia are not well known).
So far I only found good data for LSD (the lower the Ki, the stronger the binding to that receptor):
A bit of data for some other psychedelics that are of interest to me:
Psilocybin: high affinity for 5-HT2A, lower affinity for 5-HT1A, 5-HT1D and 5-HT2C (5-HT2B unaffected?)
Mescaline: high affinity for 5-HT2A, also known to bind to and activate 5-HT2C
2C-E: 5-HT2A receptor partial agonist, strong affinity for 5-HT2C. Any others affected?
2C-B:
DOM: selective 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C receptor partial agonist
DOB: selective 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C receptor partial agonist
DOC: selective 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C receptor partial agonist
DMT:
I want to look further into data for novel tryptamines sometime as well, but the above mentioned are of most interest to me at the moment. If anyone can point me in the right direction to find such receptor affinity charts, or any other info that could be of interest, that would be great
This question came up after I started reading more about 5-ht2b agonism and its link to valvular heart disease. I re-opened an old topic on the matter here in hopes of getting some clarity on the risks of frequent (biweekly) use.
I tried to do some research of my own, but couldn't really find much information on the receptor targeting and efficiency of different compounds.
The receptors being targeted is usually not too hard to find for most common psychedelics (eg. LSD, psilocybin, etc.), but what I'm really interested in is how strong the agonism is at each receptor for a variety of psychedelics. This is data that seems hard to find, and I'm not too well versed in searching medical/scientific papers.
It would be interesting to see how bad the 5-ht2b agonism is for a variety of psychs, to better assess the risks and see which ones are particularly heavy on the heart and should perhaps not be used as often as others.
It'd also be hugely interesting to compare the profiles of different drugs, read up on the mechanisms of action for each receptor and comparing that to the experiential differences between various substances to maybe gain a bit more knowledge about the pharmacology of the psychedelic experience (though I understand 5-HT2A affinity seems to be the most important, and the exact mechanisms of it triggering psychedelia are not well known).
So far I only found good data for LSD (the lower the Ki, the stronger the binding to that receptor):
A bit of data for some other psychedelics that are of interest to me:
Psilocybin: high affinity for 5-HT2A, lower affinity for 5-HT1A, 5-HT1D and 5-HT2C (5-HT2B unaffected?)
Mescaline: high affinity for 5-HT2A, also known to bind to and activate 5-HT2C
2C-E: 5-HT2A receptor partial agonist, strong affinity for 5-HT2C. Any others affected?
2C-B:
Unlike most hallucinogens, 2C-B has been shown to be a low efficacy serotonin 5-HT2A receptor partial agonist or even full antagonist.[20][21] This suggests that the 5-HT2C receptor is primarily responsible for mediating the effects experienced by users of 2C-B, although functional antagonism of 5-HT2A or activation of the 5-HT2A-coupled phospholipase D pathway may also play a role.[20] The rank order of 5-HT2A receptor antagonist potency for this family of drugs is 2C-I > 2C-B > 2C-D > 2C-H.[21]
Research suggests that 2C-B increases dopamine levels in the brains of rats, which may contribute to its psychoactivity.
DOM: selective 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C receptor partial agonist
DOB: selective 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C receptor partial agonist
DOC: selective 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C receptor partial agonist
DMT:
DMT binds non-selectively with affinities < 0.6 μM to the following serotonin receptors: 5-HT1A,[113][114][115] 5-HT1B,[113][116] 5-HT1D,[113][115][116] 5-HT2A,[113][115][116][117] 5-HT2B,[113][116] 5-HT2C,[113][116][117] 5-HT6,[113][116] and 5-HT7.[113][116] An agonist action has been determined at 5-HT1A,[114] 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C.[113][116][117] Its efficacies at other serotonin receptors remain to be determined. Of special interest will be the determination of its efficacy at human 5-HT2B receptor as two in vitro assays evidenced DMT's high affinity for this receptor: 0.108 μM[116] and 0.184 μM.[113] This may be of importance because chronic or frequent uses of serotonergic drugs showing preferential high affinity and clear agonism at 5-HT2B receptor have been causally linked to valvular heart disease.[118][119][120]
It has also been shown to possess affinity for the dopamine D1, α1-adrenergic, α2-adrenergic, imidazoline-1, and sigma-1 (σ1) receptors.[115][116][121] Converging lines of evidence established activation of the σ1 receptor at concentrations of 50–100 μM.[122] Its efficacies at the other receptor binding sites are unclear.
I want to look further into data for novel tryptamines sometime as well, but the above mentioned are of most interest to me at the moment. If anyone can point me in the right direction to find such receptor affinity charts, or any other info that could be of interest, that would be great