The black drink or white drink was a type of ritual beverage brewed by Native Americans in the Southeastern United States such as the Muscogee ássi. It is thought to have been prepared from the roasted leaves and stems of Ilex vomitoria (commonly known as Yaupon Holly) native to the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts, though it may also have been a concoction of other roots and herbs. Yaupon beverages, which have caffeine, were often used as a substitute for coffee and tea by colonists under the name cassine or cassina, the latter term derived from the Timucua name for I. vomitoria. The black drink may also have had emetic properties.
Prior to the 19th century, the black drink was consumed during the daily deliberations of the village councils and at all other important council meetings. Caddo, Muscogee, Cherokee, Choctaw and others indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands drank it for purification