SWIM has experimented with ron69's recipe regardings this amount, because the measurement seemed a little ambiguous in the way it was phrased, and found it to be a good amount. Too much more, and you start getting a cloudy boundary layer. Much less and you waste effort with more extractions, and time with more evaporations. The premise is to just have enough for just the mescaline, and not enough for other things. you may get more if you increase the proportion, and having a lower percent reduces yields on each extract, but you get a finer quality product in the end.
Apollogies to those who can do mental arithmetic, but there seems to be a lacking, so i'll spell it out. If anyone can follow up with the exact official mmol calculations and volumes for an exact 10% hcl sol, i'd appreciate it.
Actually to the letter, its 1.7%.
as:
(5/(25+5))*10%=1.66666% [EDIT:::: ron69 has now confirmed this to be (5/25)*10%=2%)]
SWIM makes up 10% from 27% in a similar way. its nasty stuff; you open the lid and it pours out vapour hcl. use mask and goggles for sure and chemical gloves if you've got em; you don't want to loose your sense of smell or loose sight over a lil experimentation.
As measuing 2ml's of the shoite is impossible to do, given that you're using goggles and mask, I recommend you do the following:
I use glass vodka bottles, I wouldn't recommend you get PETE bottles (coke, fanta)) anywhere near raw 30% HCL, but HPLC containers are fine but harder to find without contamination.
First, determine the proportion of concentrated HCL into your mixture in order to turn your 25%HCL into 10% HCL, so...:
25% as a decimal == .25, 10% as a decimal is .1, so:
(.1/.25) is the proportion you need to use against the water.
Assuming, say, your vessel is 700mls (standard vodka bottle)
You need a volume of 25% HCL of: (.1/.25)*700=280ml 25% HCL
The volume of water is 700 - 280ml = 420ml of water.
I recommend you verify that the vessel can indeed hold 700 mls first, as you don't want the HCL to overflow at the last step.
use a measuring cup and measure exactly 420ml of water, and pour into the vessel.
Pour the 420mls of water into your vessel.
Don the gloves, mask and go outside with the vessel and HCL.
Using a glass measuring cup, measure out 280ml of HCL, using the lower meniscus as your measuring point.
Pour into bottle.
Put on all caps. Mix. Wash both source and destination bottles under tap water.
And your done, you should have 10% by volume (which for the course of these calcs should be close enough to 10% by weight)
To summarise the equation, it is:
(percent desired as decimal/percent in source as decimal)*volume of total container = volume of acid to provide from the source into the total volume of container.
Given the precise nature of this calculation, you might as well determine the exact weight content of HCL you have as a source (the weight of it will be written on the bottle):
Hydrochloric acid - Wikipedia
And, the obligitory warning, which is not said enough, DO NOT ADD WATER TO ACID, ONLY EVER ADD ACID TO WATER.
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Incidently, SWIM performed a distilation on her d-limonene yesterday, with the help of some al-foil and a towel to shield the vessel being boiled. My thoughts were for anyone thinking of doing the same, make sure your solution does not contain any water (AT ALL!), and rinse the vessel with some dlimonene and void it as waste. SWIM had some water in it, and the solution was quite unnessisarilly vigorous, as the water (at the bottom) was boiling due to >100 deg below and ~99deg above and the vapor travelled up through the d-limonene dispersing its heat. This created a reaction which required high maintenance, and extended the time req'd for the stil operation. Once the water was voided from the mixture, the still worked quite well, and quite rapidly.
However the end result was a particularly cloudy (but non green/non yellow) d-limonene.
But hey. very little citrus smell.
I'm reconing another distil (minus the water) is in order.
Interestingly it seemed to distil at a vapour temperature of 140c ish, instead of the 175 quoted by Merck.
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Next solvent clarify SWIM will use is the 15% HCL method proposed in other threads, to determine its worth. I will keep you updated on SWIMs results.