5-MeO-DMT is active at much lower doses than DMT, so if your
Phalaris grass unexpectedly produces the former (because of an unexpected environmental response, mutation, open pollination, mislabeled seed packet, etc.) then a serious or even fatal overdose may result. Multiple
Phalaris experimenters have reported serious adverse experiences, which I'd guess were 5-MeO-DMT overdoses. Oral use with harmalas is particularly dangerous, since the delayed onset makes it impossible to titrate up the dose like smokers do.
Gramine is relatively nontoxic. From published solubility data, it's possible that extraction with naphtha or limonene would reject gramine to some extent, especially with concentrated solutions. I worked with a more dilute solution, to avoid emulsions (the water extract turns to syrup if you boil it down too far; there's some literature on harvesting to minimize sugar content so your horse doesn't get laminitis that might be relevant) and because my
P. brachystachys is relatively low in gramine naturally. I didn't get significant rejection with either solvent. I don't think it's a big concern though. Here's
some prior discussion.
Tyramine is rejected by typical extractions, since the phenol group keeps it charged at high pH so it stays in the water. It's possible there's a narrow pH range where it does get extracted and I found a paper claiming that, but I was
unable to reproduce that myself and a different paper also seemingly failed. So I think tyramine is very low risk. Hordenine is also a phenolic alkaloid so it might also get rejected, not sure. In any case it's not very toxic. I think the most dangerous constituent will almost always be 5-MeO-DMT.
@Grasshoppers and
@neurobloom potentially have the most diverse collection of
P. aquatica anywhere in the world. Commercial and academic pasture grass breeders surely have more accessions, but their selection for low alkaloids probably discards most of the genetic diversity. It's very interesting work, though anyone growing their
Phalaris for DMT should view themselves as contributing to that research project, not following an established procedure known to be effective or safe. Growing for 5-MeO-DMT is perversely safer, because the desired product is dangerous enough that it's harder to accidentally get something worse.