Oh my – this is long! :shock:
Citta said:
Fine, scientists do, but they do so from or through science. Anyway, that is a semantic issue, I think the point remains the same. And yes, evidence does in fact point to the fact that what we identify as consciousness and mind arises from physical processes in the brain. This is something that can easily be inferred from the massive amount of data. I don't know how you can argue against this. How else should we explain everything that seeps out of neuroscience everyday? How else should we explain evolution, the history of the universe before consciousness were there and so on? Where, and how, did consciousness exist in the early universe? Where, and how, did it exist before matter?
Part of the problem here is how you seem to be defining consciousness. Your definition seems to be more in line with “perceptual awareness and related neurological processes”. Relatively unsophisticated robotic sensory systems can be made aware of their surroundings and responsive to them, yet most would agree that such simple mechanical systems are not conscious. The consciousness I’m talking about is a consciousness that, although related in some way to awareness, is not itself awareness. Don’t ask me to define precisely what consciousness is – greater minds than mine, having devoted generations to the problem, are unable to answer that question. It’s much easier to explore what consciousness isn’t rather than to pin down what it is.
The consciousness that neuroscience explores is not the same consciousness that we’re discussing here. Neuroscience investigates states of mind, levels of awareness and responsiveness, reactions to stimuli, etc. This sort of consciousness, if we want to call it that, obviously arises from mechanistic biological processes. But as I said, mechanistic processes, biological or otherwise, do not “produce” the sort of consciousness we are now discussing.
You may consider these types of consciousness to be equivalent. If they are, then you would have to admit that any system capable of responding to its environment is conscious. You would be forced to conclude that thermostats are conscious, that rocks are conscious, and that subatomic particles are conscious. (Panexperientialism)
You make the assumption in your questions that consciousness didn’t exist until beings with awareness existed. If consciousness “created” the universe, how would things be different? Why do you suggest that evolution, the history of the universe, etc. would be different? The primacy of consciousness paradigm claims that consciousness existed before the material universe. Consciousness existed before, and will continue to exist in the absence of, physical beings.
No one can answer where consciousness came from, just as no one can answer what existed physically before the Big Bang. These are mysteries, and they are equivalent mysteries.
Citta said:
These are serious questions, and why can't we control reality more if consciousness in fact creates it? Shouldn't it then be possible to collectively create, say, hamburgers ex-nihilo? Or walk through walls? Something like this? How does even consciousness, something immaterial, create matter? This would essentially violate everything we know about the universe. There are no plausible solutions to these problems, as far as I know.
We can’t control physical reality with our consciousness because we are physical beings bound by very strict physical laws. As a scientist, I thought you already knew this!
I can’t answer your question regarding how immaterial consciousness creates matter. This is another mystery. But it is a mystery equivalent to how matter was created out of nothing, as claimed by proponents of the primacy of matter paradigm.
Citta said:
I sincerely think that the progress of evolution on earth shows an unmistakable trajectory from matter to mind. Considerable evidence exists that the phenomena we call mind and consciousness arise from the natural mechanisms of a purely material brain. For instance, as brain function decreases, so does consciousness until we eventually lose it, as when under full anesthesia. If consciousness does not arise from a material brain, but is immaterial in nature, why does this happen, I wonder? If it is not immaterial, then why could it not arise from the brain as modern neuroscience suggests it does?
Again, the consciousness you are describing is related to neurological processes. This is not the same as the consciousness we’re discussing here. It would be nice if we had distinctive words to describe the two. I agree fully with you that mechanistic “brain consciousness” is a physical process.
Citta said:
I just can't reconcile the idea of consciousness creating matter with the evidence we have over decades of scientific inquiry. It does not seem to make any sense, and it meets considerable explanatory problems that must be tackled for this to be taken more seriously. Please do offer some solutions to these problems if you have them, and perhaps I'll join the primacy of consciousness paradigm
Science hasn’t answered the question of how matter – how the physical universe – came into being. There is no scientific evidence or inquiry into “pre-Big Bang existence”.
You can’t reconcile the idea of consciousness creating matter, yet you seem to accept that matter was created out of nothing? (The “nothing” that physicists often talk about isn’t actually nothing. True “nothingness” has no creative potential.)
Citta said:
Neuroscience is making progress, everyday, toward a fully material understanding of consciousness - whereas semantic arguments like yours; "but everything arises in consciousness!" really brings us nowhere. This claim is, the way I see it, completely removed from reality and is not contingent upon how reality works. It is akin to claiming there are unicorns in every house but that they are placed so no one can find them.
Once again, confusion over the kind of consciousness we’re discussing.
My claim has never been that everything arises from consciousness. My claim is much simpler: All we know – through direct experience – is that consciousness exists. Consciousness is the only aspect of reality/existence that we are able to directly experience. Everything else is inferred, including the existence of objective reality.
Citta said:
The hypothesis that brain creates consciousness is completely compatible with all the evidence and data we have from neuroscience. Reverse causality is even more difficult to infer from the data, not to say explain satisfactory. Here are some more examples from neuroscience;
The hypothesis that the brain creates responsive biological systems is compatible with scientific evidence. But there is no evidence that the brain creates the sort of consciousness we’re discussing here. Neither is there evidence that the primacy of consciousness is more likely. However, we can be certain that consciousness exists. As I said before, consciousness is the only aspect of reality/existence that we are able to directly experience. Everything else is inferred, including the existence of objective reality.
Citta said:
Damage to the fusiform gyrus of the temporal lobe causes face blindness, and stimulation of this same area causes people to see faces spontaneously. Loss of conscious visual perception can occur to stroke-caused damage to the visual cortex region called V1. With functional MRI we can directly measure changes in conscious experience, as well as with electroencephalography and single-neuron recordings. Neuroscientists can even predict human choices from brain-scanning activity before the subject is even consciously aware of the decisions they are going to make. How is this reconcilable with the reverse hypothesis of consciousness creating matter, and thus the brain? And how does this not support the original hypothesis of matter giving rise to consciousness?
If I damage a thermostat so that it no longer properly responds to changes in temperature, does this say anything at all about the nature of consciousness?
Citta said:
Yes, certainly neuroscientists are not in agreement over which physicalist theory best accounts for mind, but it does not mean that the hypothesis that consciousness creates matter holds equal standing. If it did, one ought to think there are more suggestions going this way within neuroscience, or?
Scientists do not investigate the sort of consciousness we are discussing here.
Citta said:
No one denies that consciousness is a hard problem, and one of the greatest mysteries of science today, but before we reify consciousness to the level of an independent agency capable of creating its own reality, let’s give the hypotheses we do have for how brains create mind more time. It does, metaphysical circle wanks left aside, make a hell of a lot more sense imo.
If we accept the primacy of matter paradigm, we have some real problems with respect to consciousness: Materialists acknowledge that atoms are not conscious, individual neurons are not conscious, etc. yet are then forced to claim that consciousness is an “emergent” property. How do scientists explain this? Consciousness of the sort we’re describing doesn’t just pop into existence when a certain level of biological complexity is reached.
I know you’re not a fan of philosophy, but this is ultimately a question that can’t be addressed by science. Science tells us how the physical world works, but doesn’t – and can’t – answer why we’re here in the first place.
Citta said:
Another problem I have raised several times to you, but that I never got any answer to, is the following; place an object in a room, a place where I can't possibly know. Now exit the room and leave no observers there. I think we can agree that there is no consciousness perceiving this room now, right? Or the object? So, if consciousness creates matter, this object should not exist at all as far as I understand your philosophy (shoot me if I am wrong). How come, if I enter some time after, I will find the object at the exact same place you put it? The only rational explanation for me is that this object has some kind of defining properties, whatever they are, that are not contingent upon the observation made by consciousness. Some defining properties that exists independently of consciousness that makes it persist at this place in space and time. This problem can be generalized as well, and then we get the huge problem of existence between "time of perception" and that of shared reality.
I’m sorry, but I think I’ll have to shoot you.

I don’t pretend to understand the relationship between matter and consciousness, but it’s quite possible that the material world doesn’t really exist at all. The material world may well be a “state” of consciousness.
Consciousness doesn’t leave a room when people leave a room, especially if rooms and people don’t really exist.